You will learn about deny rules later in this lesson. Windows Firewall and WFAS ship a minimum number of default rules that allow you to interact with networks. This means that although you are able to browse the Web without having to configure a firewall rule, if you try to use an application to interact with the network that is not covered by a default rule, such as File Transfer Protocol FTP , you receive a warning.
This behavior is different to earlier versions of Microsoft Windows, such as Windows XP, where the firewall blocked only incoming traffic and did not block outgoing traffic. The firewall in Windows 7 blocks most outbound traffic by default. When a program is blocked for the first time, you are notified by the firewall, allowing you to configure an exception that allows traffic of this type in the future. The Windows 7 firewall uses a feature known as full stealth. Stealth blocks external hosts from performing Operating System OS fingerprinting.
OS fingerprinting is a technique where an attacker determines what operating system a host is running by sending special traffic to the host's external network interface.
After an attacker knows what operating system a host is using, they can target OS-specific exploits at the host. You cannot disable the stealth feature of Windows 7. Boot time filtering, another feature of Windows 7, ensures that Windows Firewall is working from the instant the network interfaces become active. In previous operating systems, such as Windows XP, the firewall, either built into Windows or from a third-party vendor, would become operational only once the startup process was complete.
A new main mode configuration capability includes additional configuration options for specific origin and destination IP addresses or network location protocols. Network connections matching a main mode rule use these settings rather than the global defaults or those specified in connection security rules. Basic Windows Firewall Configuration The Windows Firewall Control Panel applet, found in the System and Security category, enables you to set up firewall rules for each of the same network types introduced earlier in this tutorial for configuring network settings.
Settings in this location are configured through domain-based Group Policy and cannot be modified here. Click Start and type firewall in the Search field. From the list of programs displayed under Control Panel, click Windows Firewall. Click Start, right-click Network, and then click Properties. If you receive a UAC prompt, click Yes. This displays the Customize settings for each type of network dialog box. If you are connected to a corporate network with a comprehensive hardware firewall, select Turn off Windows Firewall not recommended under the Home or Work Private Network Location Settings section.
If you connect at any time to an insecure network, such as an airport or restaurant Wi-Fi hot spot, select the Block all incoming connections, including those in the list of allowed programs option under Public network location settings.
This option disables all exceptions you've configured on the Exceptions tab. The Customize settings for each type of network dialog box enables you to turn the firewall on or off and to block incoming connections. Never select the Off option unless you're absolutely certain that your network is well protected with a good firewall. The only exception should be temporarily to troubleshoot a connectivity problem; after you've solved the problem, be sure to reenable the firewall immediately.
To configure program exceptions, return to the Windows Firewall applet and click Allow a program or feature through Windows Firewall. Table describes the more important items in this list. Clear the check boxes next to any programs or ports to be denied access, or select the check boxes next to programs or ports to be granted access. To add a program not shown in the list, click Allow another program. From the Add a Program dialog box, select the program to be added and then click Add.
If necessary, click Browse to locate the desired program. You can also click Network location types to choose which network type is allowed by the selected program. The Allow programs to communicate through Windows Firewall dialog box enables you to specify which programs are allowed to communicate through the firewall.
The Add a Program dialog box enables you to allow specific programs access through the Windows Firewall. In the Allow programs to communicate through Windows Firewall dialog box, to view properties of any program or port on the list, select it and click Details. To remove a program from the list, select it and click Remove.
You can do this only for programs you have added using step 6. If you need to restore default settings, return to the Windows Firewall applet previously and click Restore defaults. Then confirm your intention in the Restore Default Settings dialog box that appears. If you are experiencing networking problems, click Troubleshoot my network to access the troubleshooter. When you are finished, click OK.
You should retain this default unless you need a program to communicate through the Internet from a public location. From the Public column of the dialog box, you should select the boxes next to any connections that link to the Internet; you should clear the boxes next to any connections to a private network. Core Each option works with the Yes; network discovery Networking other to enable your computer for home or work only to connect to other network computers or the Internet.
Network Discovery Distributed Coordinates the update of No Transaction transaction-protected resources Coordinator such as databases, message queues, and file systems. File and Enables your computer to share Yes Printer resources such as files and Sharing printers with other computers on your network. HomeGroup Allows communication to other Yes, for home or work computers in the homegroup. Key Management Used for machine counting and No Service license compliance in enterprise environments.
Netlogon Maintains a secure channel Only on a computer Service between domain clients and a joined to an Active domain controller for Directory domain authenticating users and services.
Network Allows computers to locate Yes, for home or Discovery other resources on the work only local network. Remote Enables an expert user to Yes, for home or Assistance connect to the desktop of a work only user requiring assistance in a Windows Feature.
Remote Enables a user to connect with No Desktop and work on a remote computer. Remote item Enables an administrator to No for all these tasks Management manage items on a remote computer, including event logs, scheduled tasks, services, and disk volumes.
Windows Easy Enables a user to copy files, Yes Transfer folders, and settings from an old computer running Windows or later to a new Windows 7 computer. Windows Enables you to manage a remote No Remote Windows computer. From the left pane, you can configure any of the following types of properties: Inbound Rules: Displays a series of defined inbound rules. Enabled rules are shown with a green check mark icon.
If the icon is dark in appearance, the rule is not enabled. To enable a rule, right-click it and select Enable Rule; to disable an enabled rule, right-click it and select Disable Rule. You can also create a new rule by right-clicking Inbound Rules and selecting New Rule. We discuss creation of new rules later in this section.
Outbound Rules: Displays a series of defined outbound rules, also with a green check mark icon for enabled rules. You can enable or disable rules, and create new rules, in the same manner as with inbound rules.
Connection Security Rules: By default, this branch does not contain any rules. Right-click it and choose New Rule to create rules that are used to determine limits applied to connections with remote computers. Monitoring: Displays a summary of enabled firewall settings and provides links to active rules and security associations. This includes a domain profile for computers that are members of an AD DS domain.
The following three links are available from the bottom of the left pane: Firewall: Displays enabled inbound and outbound rules Active Connection Security Rules: Displays enabled connection security rules that you have created Security Associations: Displays IPSec main mode and quick mode associations Configuring Multiple Firewall Profiles A profile is simply a means of grouping firewall rules so that they apply to the affected computers dependent on where the computer is connected.
The Windows Firewall with Advanced Security snap-in enables you to define different firewall behavior for each of the following three profiles: Domain Profile: Specifies firewall settings for use when connected directly to an AD DS domain. In this case, my laptop is connected to wireless network home-network 2 with home network as network location, and the firewall state in on. If the Windows Firewall is not enabled, go ahead to click Turn Windows Firewall on or off on left panel.
In addition, you can also enable the options to block all incoming connections, including those in the list of allowed programs recommend for Public network or notify me when Windows Firewall blocks a new program. Click OK after that in order to go back to main Windows Firewall.
After that you can tick and enable the programs that you plan to allow that program to send information to or from your computer through the firewall based on network location type.
Click OK at last.
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