Skip to main content. Facebook Twitter You Tube. Search form. About Jharkhand. You are here Home » Home About Jharkhand. State Animal Elephant Elephas maximus indicus. State Bird Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus.
State Tree Saal Shorea robusta. State Flower Palash Butea monosperma. The principals rivers are Koel and its tributaries, the Auranga and the Amanat.
There are also last of smaller streams, most of which are mere mountain torrents which rock—strewn beds. The Koel Auranga and Amanat are similar in this respect for their upper reaches are characterized by high banks Generally rugged and occasionally precipitous with a rapid stream dashing over boulders and shingle or gliding.
Calmly, except in time of spate, in shadow parts terminated by rocky barriers. Further north these rivers have deep sandy beds, into which the water sinks out of sight in the hot weather, percolating through the soft sand.
Until some outcrop of rock arrests its course and forces it to the surface. Most of the state lies on the Chhota Nagpur Plateau, which is the source of the Koel, Damodar, Brahmani, Kharkai, and Subarnarekha rivers, whose upper watersheds lie within Jharkhand. Much of the state is still covered by forest. Forest preserves support populations of tigers and Indian elephants. Soil content of Jharkhand state mainly consist of soil formed from disintegration of rocks and stones, and soil composition is further divided into:.
Red soil, found mostly in the Damodar valley, and Rajmahal area Micacious soil containing particles of mica , found in Koderma, Jhumeritilaiya, Barkagaon, and areas around the Mandar hill. Sandy soil, generally found in Hazaribagh and Dhanbad. Black soil, found in Rajmahal area. Jharkhand has a rich variety of flora and fauna. The National Parks and the Zoological Gardens located in the state of Jharkhand present a panorama of this variety.
Betla National Park Palamu , 25 km from Daltonganj covers an area of about square kilometres. The national park has a large variety of wild life like tigers, elephants, bisons locally called gaurs, sambhars, hundreds of wild boar and 15 to 20 feet long python, herds of spotted deer cheetals , rabbits and foxes.
The mammalian fauna to be seen at Betla National Park also include langurs, rhesus, blue bull and wild boars. The lesser mammals are the porcupine, hare, wild cats, honey badgers, jackals, malabar giant squirrel and mangoose wolf, antelope, etc. In , the park was declared Project Tiger Reserve.
The variety and diversity of flora and fauna found in Jharkhand state may be assessed from the fact that the Project Tiger Reserve of Palamu, is abode to hundreds of species of flora and fauna, as indicated within brackets: mammal 39 , Snakes 8 , Lizards 4 , Fish 6 , Insects 21 , Birds , seed bearing Plants and Tress 97 , Shrubs and Herbs 46 , Climbers, Parasites and semi-Parasites 25 , and Grasses and Bamboo One Zoological Garden is also located about 16 km from Ranchi, and a number of mammalian fauna have been collected there for visitors.
Jharkhand has a population of The sex ratio is females to males. There are persons for each square kilometer of land. However, the population density varies considerably from as low as per square kilometer in Gumla district to as high as per square kilometer in Dhanbad district.
Jharkhand has remained a home to a number of tribal communities since time immemorial. Some of the districts have a predominant tribal population. Jharkhand has 32 primitive tribal groups.
The geographical area now comprising Jharkhand was earlier part of Bihar. The area has witnessed migration of people from the adjoining areas of Bihar and West Bengal for last several decades.
Industrial and mining centres like Jamshedpur, Dhanbad and Ranchi have attracted people from all parts of India. Hinduism, Islam and Christianity are three major religions of Jharkhand state. However, people of several other religious faiths may be found in the state. In modern times, the demand for a separate Jharkhand state can be traced to early s, when Jaipal Singh, the Oxford educated Captain of Olympics and Gold Medal winner put forth an idea for a separate state consisting of southern districts of Bihar.
Over decades, the idea remained alive in some form or the other. On 2nd August, , the Parliament of India passed the Bihar Reorganization Bill to create the state of Jharkhand, and 18 districts of Bihar were carved out to form Jharkhand state on 15th November, The roots to Jharkhand go far beyond the 15th November, , when it was carved out of Bihar as the 28th State of the Union of India.
Status and concept of Jharkhand is over 2 millennia old and some historians have traced a distinct geo-political, cultural position of Jharkhand even before the period of Magadha Empire. In recent times, according to a legend, Raja Jai Singh Deo of Orissa had declared himself the ruler of Jharkhand in the 13th century.
Thereafter, during the Mughal Empire period, the Jharkhand area was known as Kukara area. In April , the government has approved 14 highway projects worth Rs. Piyush Goyal dedicated Hansdiha-Godda new rail line in Jharkhand. The project has attracted an investment of Rs. The campaign aims to identify anemic women and malnourished children and refer them to malnutrition treatment centres.
The first phase of the scheme was launched with 27 government schools, which have been selected to set up STEM labs and transform the education curriculum. In November , Adani Enterprises made a final offer of In February , three medical colleges in the Jharkhand were inaugurated and foundation stone for the Women's Engineering College in Ramgarh district was laid. As of December , the number of IEMs filed were 25 and the amount of investments proposed were Rs.
For FY21, the government's target for raw silk production was 2, MT.
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